The practice of applying the activity approach and implementing the methodology of interdisciplinarity in the 60‒70 years of the twentieth century

Abstract

Two tasks are posed in the article: first, to pay attention to the productivity of applying the activity approach in specific research and design practices of the 60‒70s of the XX cen­tury, and secondly, to analyze the possibilities of implementing the interdisciplinarity methodology in them. The sources and application of the activity approach developed in So­viet philosophy and psychology are examined, its modern criticism is given. The experience of developing interdisciplinarity is analyzed in projects implemented on the basis of the sys­tem-activity approach of E.G. Yudin for organizing ergonomic research and development, as well as formulated by E.V. Ilyenkov ideas about the activities and the emergence of con­sciousness on the example of the Zagorsky experiment. The fact that ergonomic studies of the second half of the last century became an experimental basis for both the study and design of activities, and the development of interdisciplinary practices is justified. The inter­disciplinary interaction between philosophers, psychologists and teachers in the process of the Zagorsky experiment influenced the refinement of philosophical concepts of the nature of the ideal, its subjective forms and, in general, human consciousness The productivity of organizing special interdisciplinary research, projects and developments based on the imple­mentation of an activity approach with the participation of specialists from different fields of knowledge studying a person is substantiated. The problem of interdisciplinarity, its origins, and modern ideas are discussed. The content of the concept of projectivity as an orientation towards the search for innovative solutions in uncertain situations, the ability to set goals, model and design a new reality is analyzed. It is concluded that interdisciplinarity and pro­jectivity can be realized both in a strictly organized project or study, and in a communicative space in which the goals and objectives for all participants in the dialogue are not clearly formulated.